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What is a bot or botnet?


What is a bot or botnet?

Bot or web robots
Software applications that run automated tasks over the Internet. The largest use of bots is in web spidering, in which an automated script fetches, analyzes, and files information from web servers at many times the speed of a human. Recently, bots have been used for search advertising, such as Google AdSense.

Botnet
Collection of infected computers or bots that have been taken over by hackers and are used to perform malicious tasks or functions. A computer becomes a bot when it downloads a file (e.g., an e-mail attachment or malware on a web site) that has bot software embedded in it. A botnet is considered a botnet if it is taking action on the client itself via IRC channels without the hackers having to log in to the client's computer. The typical botnet consists of a bot server (usually an IRC server) and one or more bot clients.

How a Bot Works
·       Botnets have different topologies or command and control (CnC) structures
·       Most, it appears, use a compromised server as an IRC server, or referred to as the IRC daemon (IRCd)
·       Multiple bots will communicate with the IRCd via a “phone home” function
·       Single point of failure: If the central CnC is blocked or otherwise disabled, the botnet is effectively neutered (this will become important as we get into the theory)

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